Good efficiency is due to lower bending losses from a thin cross-section, low creep because of friction covers and high modulus of elasticity traction layers, and no wedging action into pulleys. Flat belts have thin cross-sections and wrap around pulleys easilyĪ significant advantage of flat belts is efficiency of nearly 99%, about 2.5-3% better than V-belts. This eliminates the need for high tension, lowering shaft and bearing loads. Modern flat belts are made with reinforced, rubberized fabric that provides strength and high friction levels with the pulley (Fig. There is no slip with this belt except for ratcheting or tooth jumping. Positive drive or synchronous belts rely on the engagement of teeth on the belt with grooves on the pulley. Flat belts are the purest form of friction drive while V-belts have a friction multiplying effect because of wedging action on the pulley. They require tension to maintain the right amount of friction. Friction drive belts rely on the friction between the belt and pulley to transmit power. Belt typesĪll power transmission belts are either friction drive or positive drive. Sheaves and pulleys are usually less expensive than chain drive sprockets and have little wear over long periods of operation. This availability reduces downtime and inventory. Replacement parts can be easily obtained from local distributors. When compared to other forms of power transmission, belts provide a good combination of flexibility, low cost, simple installation and maintenance, and minimal space requirements.īelt-driven equipment uses readily available components. Today, flat, V, and synchronous belting is still being used in power transmission. The need to eliminate speed variations led to the development of synchronous or toothed belts about 1950 and the later development of fabric-reinforced elastomer materials. This led to the development of the vulcanized rubber V-belt in 1917. Later, cotton or hemp rope was used with V-groove pulleys to reduce belt tension. The first belts were flat and ran on flat pulleys. Power transmission belting has been used for more than 200 years. Sidebars: Belt drive advantages and disadvantages.Sections: Belt types, Alignment, and Tension.Misalignment is a common cause of premature belt failure.There are three basic types of power transmission belting: flat, V, and synchronous.
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